What is the value of 'r' (The Intinsic rate of natural increase ) for the following cases?

Note :- Use the reference of the exponential growth equation.
i- Norway Rat
ii- Flour beetle
iii- 1981 human population

i-0.015, ii- 0.12, iii- 0.0205

If in a population of size N, the birth rates (not total number but per capita births) are represented as b and death rates (again, per capita death rates) as d, then the increase or decrease in N during a unit time period t (dN/dt) will be

dN/dt = (b – d) × N

Let (b–d) = r,

then dN/dt = rN

The r in this equation is called the ‘intrinsic rate of natural increase’ and is a very important parameter chosen for assessing impacts of any biotic or abiotic factor on population growth. To give you some idea about the magnitude of r values, for the Norway rat the r is 0.015, and for the flour beetle it is 0.12. In 1981, the r value for human population in India was 0.0205.