Which of the following steps are involved in recombinant DNA technology?
(A) Isolation of the genetic material
(B) Cutting of DNA at specific locations
(C) Insertion of recombinant DNA into the host
(D) Conjugation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (A), (B) and (C) only
Recombinant DNA technology joins a gene of interest to a vector and puts it into a host, so that the host makes many copies of the gene or its product. Its steps follow a set order: isolation of DNA, cutting it with restriction enzymes, isolating the wanted fragment, joining it to a vector, transferring the recombinant DNA into the host, culturing the host and extracting the product.
(A) Isolation of the genetic material — Correct. This is the first step. The DNA must be taken out in a pure form, free from RNA, proteins and other molecules.
(B) Cutting of DNA at specific locations — Correct. Restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific sites, so that the gene can be taken out and the vector opened.
(C) Insertion of recombinant DNA into the host — Correct. The recombinant DNA is put into a competent host cell, for example by heat shock, micro-injection or a gene gun.
(D) Conjugation — Incorrect. Conjugation is a natural process in which one bacterium passes DNA to another through a direct contact. It is not a step of recombinant DNA technology.
NCERT Extract:
Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology – …
