Who is known as the “Father of Modern History”?

The correct answer is Option (2) → Leopold von Ranke

Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886), a German historian, is called the father of modern history (of modern, source-based history writing). He insisted that history be written from primary sources, such as archives and original documents, and show the past “as it really was”; he also started the research seminar for training historians.