Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Conduct disorder
Option (1) Oppositional defiant disorder — Incorrect. Children with ODD show age-inappropriate stubbornness, and are irritable, defiant, disobedient and hostile. Their problem is defiance of adults, not violating other people’s property by stealing.
Option (2) Impulse control disorder — Incorrect. ‘Impulse-control’ is part of the name of the broad category, Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders, which includes ODD, conduct disorder and others. Raju’s behaviour fits one particular disorder of this category, described below.
Option (3) Hyperactivity disorder — Incorrect. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder has two main features, inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity: the child cannot sustain attention, is always on the go and cannot wait or take turns. Deceit and theft are not its features.
Option (4) Conduct disorder — Correct. Conduct disorder refers to age-inappropriate actions and attitudes that violate family expectations, societal norms, and the personal or property rights of others. Its typical behaviours include aggressive actions, non-aggressive conduct that causes property damage, major deceitfulness or theft, and serious rule violations. Raju is deceitful and steals, without aggression, so his behaviour fits this description.
NCERT (2025-26): “Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders … The disorders included under this category are Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder and others. Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) display age-inappropriate amounts of stubbornness, are irritable, defiant, disobedient, and behave in a hostile manner. Individuals with ODD do not see themselves as angry, oppositional, or defiant and often justify their behaviour as reaction to circumstances/demands. Thus, the symptoms of the disorder become entangled with the problematic interactions with others. The terms conduct disorder and antisocial behaviour refer to age-inappropriate actions and attitudes that violate family expectations, societal norms, and the personal or property rights of others. The behaviours typical of conduct disorder include aggressive actions that cause or threaten harm to people or animals, non-aggressive conduct that causes property damage, major deceitfulness or theft, and serious rule violations.…” |