Match the entries of column I with appropriate entries of column II and choose the correct option out of the four options given.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Mass percentage | (a) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution in litres}}\) |
| (ii) Molality | (b) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of a component}}{\text{Total number of moles of all the components}}\) |
| (iii) Mole fraction | (c) \(\frac{\text{Mass of the solute component in solution}}{\text{Total mass of solution}}\) |
| (iv) Molarity | (d) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of solute}}{\text{Mass of solvent in kilograms}}\) |
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is option 2. (i)-(c), (ii)-(d), (iii)-(b), (iv)-(a).
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Mass percentage | (c) \(\frac{\text{Mass of the solute component in solution}}{\text{Total mass of solution}}\) |
| (ii) Molality | (d) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of solute}}{\text{Mass of solvent in kilograms}}\) |
| (iii) Mole fraction | (b) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of a component}}{\text{Total number of moles of all the components}}\) |
| (iv) Molarity | (a) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution in litres}}\) |
Let us go into detail to explain the matching of entries in Column I with appropriate entries in Column II:
(i) Mass percentage (c):
Mass percentage is the percentage of the total mass of a solution that is attributable to a particular component (usually the solute). It is calculated using the formula:
\(\text{Mass percentage} = \frac{\text{Mass of the solute component in solution}}{\text{Total mass of solution}} \times 100 \)
(ii) Molality (d):
Molality is a measure of the concentration of a solution in terms of the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. The formula for molality is:
\(\text{Molality} = \frac{\text{No. of moles of a component}}{\text{Mass of solvent in kilograms}} \)
(iii) Mole fraction (b):
Mole fraction is the ratio of the number of moles of a particular component to the total number of moles of all components in a solution. The formula for mole fraction is:
\[ \text{Mole fraction} = \frac{\text{No. of moles of a component}}{\text{Total number of moles of all the components}}\]
(iv) Molarity (a):
Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solution in terms of the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. The formula for molarity is:
\(\text{Molarity} = \frac{\text{No. of moles of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution in litres}}\)
So, in summary:
(i) Mass percentage corresponds to (c) \(\frac{\text{Mass of the solute component in solution}}{\text{Total mass of solution}}\)
(ii) Molality corresponds to (d) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of a solute}}{\text{Mass of solvent in kilograms}}\)
(iii) Mole fraction corresponds to (b) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of a component}}{\text{Total number of moles of all the components}}\)
(iv) Molarity corresponds to (a) \(\frac{\text{No. of moles of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution in litres}}\)
This corresponds to option 2 (i)-(c), (ii)-(d), (iii)-(b), (iv)-(a).