Where did the Sultanate School of Painting emerge as a result of the intermingling of Persian features and indigenous styles?

1) Mughal courts
2) Courts of Malwa, Gujarat, Jaunpur, and similar centers
3) Deccan region
4) Southern India

2

Answer:  Courts of Malwa, Gujarat, Jaunpur, and similar centers
The Sultanate School of Painting emerged in the courts of Malwa, Gujarat, Jaunpur, and similar centers.

With several regions in the north, east and west coming under the rule of the Sultanate dynasties from Central Asia after the late twelfth century, another strain of influence — Persian, Turkic and Afghan — percolated into the mainland and appeared in the paintings patronised by the Sultans of Malwa, Gujarat, Jaunpur and such other centres. With few Central Asian artists in these courts working with local artists, an intermingling of Persian features and indigenous styles led to the emergence of another style that is referred to as the Sultanate School of Painting. This represents more of a ‘style’ than a ‘school’ that has a hybrid Persian influence — indigenous pictorial style, which is an interesting coming together of indigenous features as described earlier and Persian elements, such as colour palette, physiognomy, simplified landscape with decorative details, etc.