The volume of spherical balloon is increasing at the rate of $4\, cm^3/sec$. The rate of increase of its surface area, when the radius is 3 cm will be :-
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → $2.66\, cm^2/sec$
Volume of sphere: $V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3$
Surface area of sphere: $S = 4\pi r^2$
Given: $\frac{dV}{dt} = 4 \, cm^3/sec$
Differentiate $V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3$ w.r.t. $t$:
$\frac{dV}{dt} = 4\pi r^2 \frac{dr}{dt}$
Substitute values: $4 = 4\pi (3^2)\frac{dr}{dt}$
$4 = 36\pi \frac{dr}{dt}$
$\frac{dr}{dt} = \frac{1}{9\pi}$
Now, differentiate $S = 4\pi r^2$:
$\frac{dS}{dt} = 8\pi r \frac{dr}{dt}$
At $r=3$: $\frac{dS}{dt} = 8\pi (3)\cdot \frac{1}{9\pi}$
$\frac{dS}{dt} = \frac{24}{9} = \frac{8}{3} \, cm^2/sec$
Final Answer: $\frac{8}{3}\, cm^2/sec$