A situation where a large cohort of women of reproductive age will fuel population growth over the next generation, even if each woman has fewer children than previous generation did is called:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Population Momentum
Option (1) Total Fertility Rate — Incorrect. The total fertility rate is the average number of children a woman would have; a TFR of 1.7 means the average woman produces only 1.7 children. It is a measure of fertility, not the situation in which growth goes on although each woman has fewer children.
Option (2) Fertility Rate — Incorrect. The fertility rate is the number of live births per 1000 women in the child-bearing age group, usually 15 to 49 years. It counts births; it does not name the situation the question describes.
Option (3) Population Momentum — Correct. When a large cohort of women is of reproductive age, the population keeps growing over the next generation even if each woman has fewer children, because so many women are having children at the same time.
Option (4) Population Growth — Incorrect. Population growth is the general rise in the number of people. It is what population momentum leads to, not the name of the situation in which growth goes on although each woman has fewer children.
NCERT: Indian Society — Chapter 2: The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society (2025-26)
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