Which of the following are correct?

None of the above

The correct answer is option 4- None of the above.

* Scalar chain involves direct communication between two employees at horizontal level. This is not true as scalar chain involves communication at vertical level.

* Gang Plank involves direct communication between two employees at vertical level. This is not true as gang plank involves communication at horizontal level.

Scalar Chain: An organisation consists of superiors and subordinates. The formal lines of authority from highest to lowest ranks are known as scalar chain. According to Fayol, “Organisations should have a chain of authority and communication that runs from top to bottom and should be followed by managers and the subordinates.” According to Fayol, this chain should not be violated in the normal course of formal communication except when there is an emergency for which Fayol provided ‘Gang Plank’ . Gang Plank is a shorter route and has been provided for communication between employees of two different levels so that communication is not delayed. As per the Gang Plank of Fayol, there can be direct communication between two employees at Horizontal level.