Read the passage and answer following questions.
Assertions of tribal identity are on the rise. This can be laid at the door of the emergence of a middle class within the tribal society. With the emergence of this class in particular, issues of culture, tradition, livelihood, even control over land and resources, as well as demands for a share in the benefits of the projects of modernity, have become an integral part of the articulation of identity among the tribes. There is, therefore, a new consciousness among tribes now coming from its middle classes. The middle classes themselves are a consequence of modern education and modern occupations, aided in turn by the reservation policies.
Which class is influencing the new consciousness among the tribes?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Middle class
Option (2) Middle class — Correct. The passage links the rise in assertions of tribal identity to the emergence of a middle class within the tribal society. With this class, issues of culture, tradition, livelihood and control over land and resources have become part of how tribes express their identity, so the new consciousness among tribes is coming from its middle classes. This class is itself a result of modern education and modern occupations, helped by reservation policies.
NCERT: Indian Society — Chapter 3: Social Institutions: Continuity and Change, Box 3.1 (2025-26)
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