Read the following passage and answer the question :

After the establishment of People's Republic of China, all critical sectors of the economy were brought under Government control. The campaign initiated in 1958 aimed at industrialising the country on a massive scale by allowing people to set up industries in their back yards. In rural areas, people collectively cultivated lands. In 1965, Mao introduces a system under which students and professionals were sent to work and learn from the country side. Compared to its neighbours like India and Pakistan, China has low population growth but there will be more elderly people in proportion to young people after a few decades.

In order to counter the problem of more elderly people in proportion to young people, after a few decades what measure China has adopted ?

Allowing people to have two children

The correct answer is option (2) : Allowing people to have two children

1. To counter the issue of an aging population, China has made policy adjustments, particularly in terms of relaxing its previous one-child policy.

2. As part of these adjustments, China has allowed couples to have two children, thereby increasing the number of births and potentially balancing the demographic imbalance caused by an aging population.

Therefore, the correct answer is (2) Allowing people to have two children