Which of the following is NOT an X-linked recessive disease?

The correct answer is Option (3) → Beta thalassemia

An X-linked recessive disease is caused by a recessive gene on the X chromosome, so it shows up mostly in males. Haemophilia and colour blindness are both of this kind. β thalassemia is controlled by the gene HBB on chromosome 11, an autosome, so it is an autosome-linked recessive disease.

Option (1) Haemophilia — X-linked recessive. Haemophilia is a sex-linked (X-linked) recessive disease, passed from a carrier female to some of her sons.

Option (2) Colour blindness — X-linked recessive. Colour blindness is a sex-linked recessive disorder caused by mutation in certain genes on the X chromosome.

Option (3) Beta thalassemia — Not X-linked. β thalassemia is controlled by the gene HBB on chromosome 11 of each parent. Its gene is on an autosome, so it is not X-linked.

NCERT Extract:
Mendelian Disorders – “… Haemophilia : This sex linked recessive disease, which shows its transmission from unaffected carrier female to some of the male progeny has been widely studied.”
Mendelian Disorders – “… Thalassemia : This is also an autosome-linked recessive blood disease transmitted from parents to the offspring when both the partners are unaffected carrier for the gene (or heterozygous). … While β Thalassemia is controlled by a single gene HBB on chromosome 11 of each parent and occurs due to mutation of one or both the genes.”