Given below are two statements:

Statement I: In a bioreactor, small volume of cultures are developed in which useful bio-products are produced.
Statement II: In downstream processing, the products formulated with suitable preservatives are ready for marketing without testing of their quality.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Both Statement I and Statement II are false

The correct answer is Option (2) → Both Statement I and Statement II are false

Bioreactors serve as large vessels designed for the large-scale cultivation of cells to produce specific gene products for commercial purposes. Small volume cultures cannot yield appreciable quantities of products. To produce in large quantities, the development of bioreactors, where large volumes (100-1000 litres) of culture can be processed, was required. These bioreactors create an optimal environment for cell growth, regulating factors such as temperature, pH, nutrient availability, and oxygen (for aerobic bioreactors), to support the production of the desired gene product.

The process of separating and purifying expressed proteins or products before marketing is known as Downstream Processing. After completion of the biosynthetic stage, the product has to be subjected through a series of processes before it is ready for marketing as a finished product. The processes include separation and purification, which are collectively referred to as downstream processing. The product has to be formulated with suitable preservatives. Such formulation has to undergo thorough clinical trials as in case of drugs. Strict quality control testing for each product is also required. The downstream processing and quality control testing vary from product to product.