Match List - I with List - II.
| List - I | List - II | ||
| (A) | Psychodynamic | (I) | Establishing antecedent and consequent operations |
| (B) | Behavioural Therapy | (II) | Transference |
| (C) | Cognitive Therapy | (III) | Unconditional Positive Regard |
| (D) | Client Centred Therapy | (IV) | Non Directive Questioning |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)
(A) Psychodynamic — this matches (II) Transference. In psychodynamic therapy transference and interpretation are the means of treating the patient: the client starts identifying the therapist with authority figures of the past and acts out the feelings held towards them.
(B) Behavioural Therapy — this matches (I) Establishing antecedent and consequent operations. The behaviour therapist removes faulty behaviour through establishing antecedent operations and consequent operations, changing what comes before a behaviour and what follows it.
(C) Cognitive Therapy — this matches (IV) Non Directive Questioning. In Ellis’ rational emotive therapy, a cognitive therapy, irrational beliefs are refuted through a process of non-directive questioning, gentle questions that make the client think deeper into her/his assumptions.
(D) Client Centred Therapy — this matches (III) Unconditional Positive Regard. In Rogers’ client-centred therapy the therapist is warm and has unconditional positive regard, i.e. total acceptance of the client as s/he is.
Note: Transference as a means of treatment in psychodynamic therapy was there in the chapter ‘Therapeutic Approaches’ of the pre-rationalised NCERT, which NTA followed in 2023, and is not there in the NCERT book (2025-26).
NCERT (2025-26): “Behaviour Therapy … The therapist does this through establishing antecedent operations and consequent operations. Antecedent operations control behaviour by changing something that precedes such a behaviour.…” “Cognitive Therapy … In the process of RET, the irrational beliefs are refuted by the therapist through a process of non-directive questioning. The nature of questioning is gentle, without probing or being directive.…” “Client-centred Therapy … The therapist shows empathy, i.e. understanding the client’s experience as if it were her/his own, is warm and has unconditional positive regard, i.e. total acceptance of the client as s/he is.…” NCERT (Pre-rationalised): “Modality of Treatment Transference and Interpretation are the means of treating the patient. As the unconscious forces are brought into the conscious realm through free association and dream interpretation described above, the client starts identifying the therapist with the authority figures of the past, usually childhood. … This is the process of transference.…” |