In an experiment, a student in the laboratory measures the terminal potential difference (V) of a cell (emf E and internal resistance r) as a function of current I flowing through it and plot a graph taking V on y-axis and I on x-axis. What is the slope of the graph between V and I?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → $-r$
The terminal potential difference (v) of a cell is related to its emf (E), current (I), and internal resistance (r) by -
$V=E-Ir$ [By Ohm's law]
This is a linear equation of the form
$V=-Ir+E$ [$y=mx+c$]
where,
$-r$ is the slope.