Balance and cognitive dissonance are examples of:

Cognitive consistency

Both balance and cognitive dissonance are instances of cognitive consistency, which refers to the alignment of different components, aspects, or elements within an attitude or attitude system. Cognitive consistency requires that each element logically corresponds with the others, ensuring a harmonious and coherent attitude structure. When there is a lack of consistency, individuals experience a form of mental discomfort, a sense that something is incongruent within their attitude system. In response to this discomfort, one or more elements of the attitude system may change to achieve consistency, as our cognitive system inherently seeks logical coherence.