The explanations offered for social loafing are:

(A) Motivation of members decreases because they realise that their contributions will be evaluated on an individual basis.
(B) The performance of the group is not to be compared with other groups.
(C) Group members feel more responsible for the overall task being performed and therefore exert more effort.
(D) There is improper coordination among group members.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(B) and (D) only

The correct answer is Option (2) → (B) and (D) only

(A) Motivation of members decreases because they realise that their contributions will be evaluated on an individual basis. Incorrect. Social loafing occurs when individual contributions are not evaluated, so members put in less effort.

(B) The performance of the group is not to be compared with other groups. Correct. Lack of inter-group comparison reduces motivation, leading to social loafing.

(C) Group members feel more responsible for the overall task being performed and therefore exert more effort. Incorrect. This actually reduces social loafing; it is the opposite explanation.

(D) There is improper coordination among group members. Correct. Poor coordination is one of the reasons for social loafing.