Arrange the following stages of demographic transition in chronological order.
(A) Fertility remains high in the beginning and declines with time.
(B) Stage of high fertility and high mortality.
(C) Decline in fertility is accompanied by reduced mortality
(D) Both fertility and mortality decline considerably.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (B), (A), (C), (D)
(B) Stage of high fertility and high mortality. — First. This is the first stage. People have many children to make up for the deaths from epidemics and an uncertain food supply.
(A) Fertility remains high in the beginning and declines with time. — Second. This is how the second stage begins: fertility is still high at first and then starts to fall.
(C) Decline in fertility is accompanied by reduced mortality — Third. As the second stage goes on, mortality also falls, thanks to better sanitation and health care.
(D) Both fertility and mortality decline considerably. — Fourth. This is the last stage. The population is stable or grows slowly.
Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2023 on 06-06-2023 (Slot 1).
NCERT (2026-27): “The first stage has high fertility and high mortality because people reproduce more to compensate for the deaths due to epidemics and variable food supply.” “Fertility remains high in the beginning of second stage but it declines with time. This is accompanied by reduced mortality rate. Improvements in sanitation and health conditions lead to decline in mortality. Because of this gap the net addition to population is high.” “In the last stage, both fertility and mortality decline considerably. The population is either stable or grows slowly.” |