Which among the following is commonly used to transfer foreign DNA into crop plants?

Agrobacterium tumefaciens .

The correct answer is Option (3) -Agrobacterium tumefaciens .

The commonly used method to transfer foreign DNA into crop plants is Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium known for its ability to transfer a piece of its genetic material (T-DNA) into the genomes of plants, causing a plant disease known as crown gall. Scientists have harnessed this natural ability of Agrobacterium to introduce foreign DNA into plant cells as a method for genetic transformation. This technique allows for the insertion of desired genes or genetic modifications into the plant genome, aiding in the development of genetically modified (GM) or transgenic crop plants.