Which of the following statements about commodification in contempora…

Which of the following statements about commodification in contemporary India are correct?

(A) Marriage bureaus and websites that find brides and grooms for a fee show commodification.
(B) Courses in personality development and spoken English teach students mainly technical and vocational skills.
(C) The burgeoning of private schools, colleges and coaching classes is a commodification of education.
(D) Earlier, manners and etiquette were imparted mainly through schools.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 3

The correct answer is Option (3) → A and C only

(A) Marriage bureaus and websites that find brides and grooms for a fee show commodification. — Correct. Marriages were once arranged by families. Bureaus and websites that charge a fee have turned this into a market service.

(B) Courses in personality development and spoken English teach students mainly technical and vocational skills. — Incorrect. These courses teach the cultural and social skills needed to succeed in the contemporary world, such as manners and good spoken English. Their aim is social polish for mostly middle class youth.

(C) The burgeoning of private schools, colleges and coaching classes is a commodification of education. — Correct. Education is now sold for a fee through private schools, colleges and coaching classes, which makes it a commodity.

(D) Earlier, manners and etiquette were imparted mainly through schools. — Incorrect. Good manners and etiquette were earlier imparted mainly through the family.

NCERT (2026-27): “Commoditisation and Consumption …
In contemporary India, we can observe that things or processes that earlier were not part of market exchange become commodified. For example, traditionally, marriages were arranged by families, but now there are professional marriage bureaus and websites that help people to find brides and grooms for a fee. Another example are the many private institutes that offer courses in ‘personality development’, spoken English, and so on, that teach students (mostly middle class youth) the cultural and social skills required to succeed in the contemporary world. In earlier times, social skills such as good manners and etiquette were imparted mainly through the family. Or we could think of the burgeoning of privately owned schools and colleges and coaching classes as a process of commodification of education.”