Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

The correct answer is Option (2) → Minimal group paradigm - Tajfel's method to find the simplest conditions for intergroup behaviour

Option (1) Code numbers - used to show the children which painting each member preferred — Incorrect. Code numbers hid the identity of the other group members. Children shared money knowing only a code number and the group, so nothing personal could sway them.

Option (2) Minimal group paradigm - Tajfel's method to find the simplest conditions for intergroup behaviour — Correct. Tajfel and his colleagues wanted to know the minimal conditions for intergroup behaviour, and the minimal group paradigm was built to answer this. Even such trivial groups led children to favour their own group.

Option (3) Kandinsky and Klee groups - formed by drawing lots, without asking any preference — Incorrect. The groups were formed on the children's stated preference for paintings by Kandinsky or Klee. This flimsy criterion had no past history or future.

Option (4) Distribution matrix - used to rate which of the two artists' paintings was better — Incorrect. The distribution matrix was used to share money between an ingroup member and an outgroup member. It measured favouring of one's group.