Select the set of terms that is related to the gynoecium:

The correct answer is Option (1) → Stigma, ovule, embryo sac, placenta

The gynoecium is the female reproductive part of the flower. It is made of one or more pistils. Each pistil has a stigma, a style and an ovary; inside the ovary lie the placenta and the ovules, and each ovule holds an embryo sac. A set related to the gynoecium can have only these female parts.

Option (1) Stigma, ovule, embryo sac, placenta — Correct. All four terms are female parts. The stigma is the top of the pistil, the placenta lies inside the ovarian cavity, the ovules arise from the placenta and the embryo sac lies inside the nucellus of the ovule.

Option (2) Filament, pistil, style, ovary — Incorrect. The pistil, style and ovary are female parts, but the filament is the long, slender stalk of the stamen. The stamen is the male reproductive part of the flower.

Option (3) Ovule, ovary, embryo sac, tapetum — Incorrect. The ovule, ovary and embryo sac are female parts, but the tapetum is the innermost wall layer of the microsporangium in the anther. It nourishes the developing pollen grains.

Option (4) Ovule, stamen, ovary, embryo sac — Incorrect. The ovule, ovary and embryo sac belong to the gynoecium, but the stamen (anther and filament) is the male reproductive organ, so this set mixes male and female parts.

NCERT Extract:
The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac – “The gynoecium represents the female reproductive part of the flower. … Each pistil has three parts (Figure 1.7a), the stigma, style and ovary. The stigma serves as a landing platform for pollen grains. The style is the elongated slender part beneath the stigma. The basal bulged part of the pistil is the ovary. Inside the ovary is the ovarian cavity (locule). The placenta is located inside the ovarian cavity. … Arising from the placenta are the megasporangia, commonly called ovules.”
The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac – “… Enclosed within the integuments is a mass of cells called the nucellus. Cells of the nucellus have abundant reserve food materials. Located in the nucellus is the embryo sac or female gametophyte.”