Amit and Nikhil are neighbours staying in the same colony and have varied interests. They go to same school. Due to this daily repeated interactions they have formed a group. This interaction is facilitated by the following condition :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Proximity
Basic to group formation is some contact and interaction between people, and three conditions facilitate this interaction: proximity, similarity, and common motives and goals.
Option (1) Similarity — Incorrect. Similarity draws people together when they find a matching of interests, opinions and values, as two classmates who both love football become friends. Amit and Nikhil have varied interests, so similarity is not what brought them together.
Option (2) Self-esteem — Incorrect. Self-esteem is one of the reasons people join groups: belonging to a group, especially a prestigious one, makes us feel good about ourselves. It is a benefit of membership, not a condition that brings two neighbours into contact.
Option (3) Proximity — Correct. Living in the same colony or going to the same school brings people into repeated contact. Repeated interactions with the same set of individuals give us a chance to know them, their interests and attitudes, and that is how Amit and Nikhil formed a group.
Option (4) Security — Incorrect. Security is another reason for joining groups: when we are alone we feel insecure, and groups reduce this insecurity and give a sense of protection. Nothing in the question points to a need for protection.
NCERT (2025-26): “Nature and Formation of Groups … Security : When we are alone, we feel insecure. Groups reduce this insecurity. Being with people gives a sense of comfort, and protection. As a result, people feel stronger, and are less vulnerable to threats.…” “…Self-esteem : Groups provide feelings of self-worth and establish a positive social identity. Being a member of prestigious groups enhances one’s self-concept.” “Group Formation … Basic to group formation is some contact and some form of interaction between people. This interaction is facilitated by the following conditions: Proximity : Just think about your group of friends. Would you have been friends if you were not living in the same colony, or going to the same school, or may be playing in the same playground? Probably your answer would be ‘No’. Repeated interactions with the same set of individuals give us a chance to know them, and their interests and attitudes. Common interests, attitudes, and background are important determinants of your liking for your group members.…” “…Similarity : Being exposed to someone over a period of time makes us assess our similarities and paves the way for formation of groups.…” |