The main elements of Scientific Management are:

(A) Functional or specialised supervision
(B) Standardisation of work methods
(C) Management by exception principle
(D) Coordinate with employees to ensure implementation of professionalism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (C) only

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A), (B) and (C) only

• (A) Functional or specialised supervision (Functional Foremanship): Taylor suggested dividing supervision into several specialised foremen (like the speed boss, gang boss, etc.) to ensure expert guidance in every aspect of work.

• (B) Standardisation of work methods: This involves fixing standards for everything, from methods and tools to working conditions, which is crucial to finding and implementing the "one best way" of doing a job.

• (C) Management by exception principle: While not always listed as a core technique in the same way as functional foremanship or work study, this is an important principle derived from Taylor's work. It suggests that managers should only deal with significant deviations (exceptions) from the standard performance, leaving routine work to subordinates.

(D) Coordinate with employees to ensure implementation of professionalism is not one of Taylor's specific, named elements/techniques (like the others). Taylor's closest principle is "Cooperation, not Individualism" and "Mental Revolution," which focuses on a complete change in the attitude of both management and workers.