Read the passage given below and answer the question.

Often it is thought that imparting knowledge of 'scientific' farming methods will improve the conditions of Indian farmers. We should remember that Indian farmers have been cultivating the land for centuries, much before the advent of the Green Revolution. They have very deep and extensive traditional knowledge about the land they till and the crops they sow. Much of its knowledge, like the many traditional varieties of seeds that were developed over the centuries by farmers, is being lost as hybrid, high-yielding, and genetically modified varieties of seeds are being promoted as more productive and 'scientific (Gupta 1998; Vasavi 1999b). In view of the negative environmental and social impact of modern methods of cultivation that have been observed, a number of scientists as well as farmers' movements now suggest a return to traditional, more organic seeds and methods of cultivation. Many rural people themselves believe that hybrid varieties are less healthy than the traditional ones.

Which of the following statements explain the IInd phase of Green Revolution?

(A) It was introduced in dry and semi-arid regions
(B) Farmers switched from multi-crop system to mono crop regime
(C) Farmers switched from mono-crop system to multi-crop regime
(D) Farmers were able to pay off their debt

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) and (B) only

The correct answer is Option 1: (A) and (B) only

The Second Phase of the Green Revolution (mainly during the 1980s and beyond) was marked by several key features:

• (A) It was introduced in dry and semi-arid regions – Correct. Unlike the first phase which focused on irrigated areas like Punjab and Haryana, the second phase aimed to spread agricultural improvements to less-developed, dry, and semi-arid regions.

• (B) Farmers switched from multi-crop system to mono crop regime – Correct. With the promotion of high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, many farmers shifted to monoculture (growing a single crop intensively), often wheat or rice, for higher productivity.

• (C) Farmers switched from mono-crop system to multi-crop regime – Incorrect. This is the opposite of what actually happened.

• (D) Farmers were able to pay off their debt – Not a defining feature. In fact, many small farmers fell into greater debt due to rising input costs for seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation.