Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I Governor-Generals | List-II Associations | ||
| (A) | Henry Hardinge | (I) | Gesture of leniency and a show of mercy |
| (B) | Lord Wellesley | (II) | Western education, Western ideas and Western institutions |
| (C) | Lord William Bentinck | (III) | Subsidiary Alliance |
| (D) | Lord Canning | (IV) | Enfield rifles |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
(A) Henry Hardinge — this matches (IV) Enfield rifles. As Governor General, Hardinge tried to modernise the equipment of the army. The Enfield rifles introduced under him first used the greased cartridges against which the sepoys rebelled in 1857.
(B) Lord Wellesley — this matches (III) Subsidiary Alliance. The Subsidiary Alliance was a system devised by Lord Wellesley in 1798. A ruler who accepted it had to keep a British armed contingent in his state, pay for it, and could not make agreements with other rulers or go to war without British permission.
(C) Lord William Bentinck — this matches (II) Western education, Western ideas and Western institutions. From the late 1820s, under Governor General Bentinck, the British set out to ‘reform’ Indian society by introducing Western education, ideas and institutions.
(D) Lord Canning — this matches (I) Gesture of leniency and a show of mercy. After the revolt, when the British public wanted revenge, Governor General Canning said that a gesture of leniency and a show of mercy would help to win back the loyalty of the sepoys. He was mocked for it in the British press.
NCERT (2025-26): “1.5 Why did people believe in the rumours? … As you know, from that time, under the leadership of Governor General Lord William Bentinck, the British adopted policies aimed at ‘reforming’ Indian society by introducing Western education, Western ideas and Western institutions.… 5.5 No time for clemency … At a time when the clamour was for vengeance, pleas for moderation were ridiculed. When Governor General Canning declared that a gesture of leniency and a show of mercy would help in winning back the loyalty of the sepoys, he was mocked in the British press.…”
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