Choose the INCORRECT pairs:

a) Homogametes- anisogametes

b) Antherozoid- sperm

c) Heterogametes- isogametes

d) Monoecious- bisexual

The correct answer is Option (1) -a, c.

In some algae the two gametes are so similar in appearance that it is not possible to categorise them into male and female gametes. They are called homogametes or isogametes .

Homogametes refer specifically to isogametes, where the gametes produced by an organism are of the same size and shape, without significant morphological differences between them.

Anisogametes refer to gametes that are dissimilar in size, shape, or other characteristics. In organisms with anisogamy, there is a distinction between small, often motile gametes (referred to as male gametes or sperm) and larger, usually non-motile gametes (referred to as female gametes or eggs). These differences in size or structure are characteristic of many sexual reproductive systems, where the dissimilar gametes play different roles in fertilization and reproduction.

An antherozoid is a type of sperm cell found in certain lower plants like algae, ferns, mosses, and other non-flowering plants. These sperm cells are usually motile and have a tail-like structure (flagellum) that helps them swim to reach and fertilize the egg cell during the process of sexual reproduction in these organisms.

Heterogametes refer to gametes that differ morphologically and functionally. These gametes typically have different sizes and often play distinct roles in sexual reproduction. For example, in many organisms, eggs (larger, non-motile) and sperm (smaller, motile) are heterogametes.

Isogametes, on the other hand, are gametes that are similar in size and morphology, often indistinguishable, such as in some algae and fungi. They are identical in structure and function.

The term "monoecious" refers to a reproductive system in which a single organism possesses both male and female reproductive structures. Specifically, in plants, monoecious plants have both male and female reproductive organs on the same individual plant.

Therefore, the pairing of Homogametes with anisogametes and heterogametes with isogametes are incorrect.