If the protons and electrons are the only basic charges in the universe, all the observable charges have to be integral multiples of $e$. Thus, if an object contains $x$ electrons and $y$ protons, the net charge on the object will be |
$- (x + y) e$ $(x + y) e$ $(x - y) e$ $(y-x) e$ |
$(y-x) e$ |
The correct answer is Option (4) → $(y-x) e$ |