Which among the following scientists proposed that the formation of life was preceded by chemical evolution ?

Oparin ,Haldane

The correct answer is option (4) -Oparin ,Haldane

Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre-existing non-living organic molecules (e.g. RNA, protein, etc.) and that formation of life was preceded by chemical evolution, i.e., formation of diverse organic molecules from inorganic constituents.

The conditions on earth were – high temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containing CH₄, NH₃, etc.