Given below are some statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct statement (s) from the given options.

Statement 1: Malthus’s theory of population growth as outlined in his Essay on Population was published in 1898.

Statement 2: Thomas Robert Malthus was a German political economist .

Statement 3: The theory propounded by him is a pessimistic one.

only 3

The correct answer is Option 4: only 3

Statement 1: Malthus’s theory of population growth as outlined in his Essay on Population was published in 1898. Incorrect. Malthus first published An Essay on the Principle of Population in 1798, not 1898.

Statement 2: Thomas Robert Malthus was a German political economist. Incorrect. Thomas Robert Malthus was an English economist not a German political economist.

Statement 3: The theory propounded by him is a pessimistic one. Correct. Malthus believed that population growth would eventually outstrip food production, leading to widespread hardship. Therefore, his theory is considered pessimistic.