Choose the statement that explains the concepts of modernization:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → It assumes that local ties and parochial perspectives give way to universal commitments and cosmopolitan attitudes
Option (1) It assumes that local ties and parochial perspectives give way to universal commitments and cosmopolitan attitudes — Correct. Modernisation means that people are influenced not just by local but by universal contexts. How one behaves and what one thinks is no longer decided only by one’s family, tribe, caste or community.
NCERT (2025-26): “Modernisation and Secularisation … ‘[M]odernity’ assumes that local ties and parochial perspectives give way to universal commitments and cosmopolitan attitudes; that the truths of utility, calculation, and science take precedence over those of the emotions, the sacred, and the non-rational; that the individual rather than the group be the primary unit of society and politics; that the associations in which men live and work be based on choice not birth; that mastery rather than fatalism orient their attitude toward the material and human environment; that identity be chosen and achieved, not ascribed and affirmed; that work be separated from family, residence, and community in bureaucratic organisation….(Rudolph and Rudolph, 1967) In other words it means that people are influenced not just by local but universal contexts. How you behave, what you think is no longer decided by your family or tribe or caste or community.…” |