James Watson and Francis Crick gave a double strand helix structure for DNA. Two Nucleic acid chains are wound about each other and held together by hydrogen bonds between pairs of bases. The two strands are complementary to each other because the hydrogen bonds are formed between specific pairs of bases. Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with thymine whereas cytosine forms hydrogen bonds with guanine.
Nucleic acids have the coded message for the proteins to be synthesised in the cell. Protein synthesis takes place through a process known as:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Translation
The message for a protein is stored in DNA, but the protein is made by RNA molecules. The process has two stages:
Transcription: the message of DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA).
Translation: the message of mRNA is read on the ribosomes (rRNA) and the amino acids brought by transfer RNA (tRNA) are joined in that order to form the protein. This is the step in which the protein is actually synthesised.
Note: The question is from beyond the NCERT textbook.