The correct matches between the U.S. Presidents (List-I) and their respective military operations (List-II) are as follows:
(A) Operation Enduring Freedom - (III) George W. Bush Jr.
Operation Enduring Freedom was the official name used by the U.S. government for the War in Afghanistan, together with three smaller military actions, under the umbrella of the Global War on Terror, and was initiated by President George W. Bush after the September 11 attacks in 2001. As a part of its ‘Global War on Terror’, the US launched ‘Operation Enduring Freedom’ against all those suspected to be behind this attack, mainly Al-Qaeda and the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. The Taliban regime was easily overthrown, but remnants of the Taliban and Al Qaeda have remained potent, as is clear from the number of terrorist attacks launched by them against Western targets since.
(B) Operation Neptune Spear - (IV) Barack Obama
Operation Neptune Spear was the operation in which Osama bin Laden was killed in Pakistan by U.S. Navy SEALs and CIA operatives. It occurred in 2011, during the presidency of Barack Obama.
(C) Operation Infinite Reach - (II) Bill Clinton
Operation Infinite Reach was the codename for American cruise missile strikes on al-Qaeda bases in Afghanistan & Sudan, in August 1998. This operation was ordered by President Bill Clinton in response to the U.S. embassy bombings. (Another significant US military action during the Clinton years was in response to the bombing of the US embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania in 1998. These bombings were attributed to Al-Qaeda, a terrorist organisation strongly influenced by extremist Islamist ideas. Within a few days of this bombing, President Clinton ordered Operation Infinite Reach, a series of cruise missile strikes on Al-Qaeda terrorist targets in Sudan and Afghanistan. The US did not bother about the UN sanction or provisions of international law in this regard. It was alleged that some of the targets were civilian facilities unconnected to terrorism. In retrospect, this was merely the beginning.)
(D) Operation Desert Storm - (I) George H.W. Bush
Operation Desert Storm was the combat phase of the Gulf War, which took place in 1991 after Iraq invaded Kuwait. A massive coalition force of 660,000 troops from 34 countries fought against Iraq and defeated it in what came to be known as the First Gulf War. However, the UN operation, which was called ‘Operation Desert Storm’, was overwhelmingly American. An American general, Norman Schwarzkopf, led the UN coalition and nearly 75 per cent of the coalition forces were from the US. Although the Iraqi President, Saddam Hussein, had promised “the mother of all battles”, the Iraqi forces were quickly defeated and forced to withdraw from Kuwait. |
