Which of the following gas can kill persons sleeping in a room?

Carbon monoxide

The correct answer is option 3. Carbon monoxide.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that can be extremely dangerous and potentially lethal. It is produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels, such as wood, natural gas, gasoline, and oil. The danger arises because, without a distinct odor, individuals may not be aware of its presence until symptoms or adverse effects occur.

Here's an explanation of why carbon monoxide is dangerous, especially in enclosed spaces like rooms:

1. Inhalation and Absorption:

When carbon monoxide is present in the air, it can be inhaled into the lungs. Unlike oxygen \((O_2)\), which our bodies need for survival, carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in the bloodstream more strongly than oxygen does. This leads to the displacement of oxygen from hemoglobin.

2. Reduced Oxygen Delivery:

As carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin, it reduces the blood's ability to transport oxygen to body tissues and organs. This results in oxygen deprivation, even when the air may contain normal levels of oxygen.

3. Symptoms of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning:

Carbon monoxide poisoning can cause symptoms such as headache, dizziness, nausea, confusion, weakness, and, in severe cases, loss of consciousness or death. The symptoms may be mistaken for other illnesses, contributing to the danger of carbon monoxide exposure.

4. Lethal Concentrations:

High concentrations of carbon monoxide in enclosed spaces can lead to lethal outcomes. Sleeping individuals may be particularly vulnerable, as they may not be aware of the symptoms or able to take corrective actions.

5. Prevention:

It is crucial to have proper ventilation and functioning carbon monoxide detectors in areas where fuel-burning appliances are used. Regular maintenance of heating systems, fireplaces, and other combustion devices is essential to prevent the buildup of carbon monoxide.

To protect against the dangers of carbon monoxide, it is recommended to install carbon monoxide detectors in sleeping areas and other parts of the home. Adequate ventilation and proper maintenance of appliances and heating systems can significantly reduce the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. If individuals experience symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning, they should seek fresh air immediately and seek medical attention.