Match List-I with List-IIList-IList-II(A) Shunt resistance(I) infinit…

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)

An ammeter is made by connecting a small shunt resistance \( S \) in parallel with a galvanometer of resistance \( G \), and a voltmeter is made by adding a large resistance in series; the ideal meters are the limits of these.

(A) Shunt resistance — this matches (II) connected in parallel with the galvanometer coil. The shunt provides a low-resistance path for most of the current, so that only a small part flows through the coil.

(B) An ammeter resistance — this matches (IV) less than that of the shunt resistance. The ammeter is the galvanometer and the shunt in parallel, so its resistance is smaller than either of them.

    \( \displaystyle R_{A} = \frac{G S}{G + S} \lt S \)

(C) An ideal voltmeter — this matches (I) infinite resistance. It must draw no current from the circuit, which needs an infinite resistance.

(D) An ideal ammeter — this matches (III) zero resistance. It must not change the current in the circuit, which needs zero resistance.

NCERT (2026-27):
The Moving Coil Galvanometer – “… To overcome these difficulties, one attaches a small resistance r_s, called shunt resistance, in parallel with the galvanometer coil; so that most of the current passes through the shunt. The resistance of this arrangement is,

    \( \displaystyle \frac{R_G\, r_s}{R_G + r_s} \simeq r_s \quad \text{if } R_G \gg r_s \)”

The Moving Coil Galvanometer – “… Note that the resistance of the voltmeter is now, R_G + R ≈ R : large”