Match Column 1 with Column 2:
| COLUMN 1 | COLUMN 2 |
| A. Vaults | I. Entry of sperms through cervix is blocked |
| B. IUDs | II. Removal of vas deferens |
| C. Vasectomy | III. Phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus |
| D. Tubectomy | IV. Removal of fallopian tube |
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
(A) Vaults — this matches (I) Entry of sperms through cervix is blocked. Vaults, like diaphragms and cervical caps, are rubber barriers placed over the cervix during coitus, so sperms cannot pass.
(B) IUDs — this matches (III) Phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus. Intra uterine devices sit in the uterus and increase phagocytosis of sperms there; copper IUDs also slow the sperms.
(C) Vasectomy — this matches (II) Removal of vas deferens. It is male sterilisation: a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied, so sperms cannot pass along the vas deferens.
(D) Tubectomy — this matches (IV) Removal of fallopian tube. It is female sterilisation: a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied, so the ovum and sperm cannot meet.
NCERT Extract:
Population Stabilisation and Birth Control – “… Diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults are also barriers made of rubber that are inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix during coitus. They prevent conception by blocking the entry of sperms through the cervix. … IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu ions released suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms. … In vasectomy, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum (Figure 3.4a) whereas in tubectomy, a small part of the fallopian tube is removed (Figure 3.4b) or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina.”