In which type of chromosome has centromere slightly away from the middle of the chromosome resulting into one shorter arm and one longer arm ?

Sub-metacentric

The correct answer is Option (2) - Sub-metacentric

Every chromosome (visible only in dividing cells) essentially has a primary constriction or the centromere on the sides of which disc shaped structures called kinetochores are present .

Centromere holds two chromatids of a chromosome. Based on the position of the centromere, the chromosomes can be classified into four types .

The metacentric chromosome has middle centromere forming two equal arms of the chromosome. The sub-metacentric chromosome has centromere slightly away from the middle of the chromosome resulting into one shorter arm and one longer arm. In case of acrocentric chromosome the centromere is situated close to its end forming one extremely short and one very long arm, whereas the telocentric chromosome has a terminal centromere.