Which of the following is an economic factor influencing the distribution of population?

Urbanisation

The correct answer is Option (4) → Urbanisation

The economic factor influencing the distribution of population is (4) Urbanisation.

Urbanization refers to the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, primarily for economic opportunities. As cities and urban centers often offer better job prospects, access to services, and improved living standards, this attracts people from rural areas, affecting the distribution of population.

The other options, landforms, climate, and soil, are related to geographical factors that influence population distribution.