Match List I with List II
| LIST-I (Social Movement) | LIST-II (Characteristics) | ||
| A. | Redemptive Social Movements | I. | Radical |
| B. | Revolutionary Social Movements | II. | Reorganisation of power relations |
| C. | Reformist Social Movements | III. | Personal Consciousness |
| D. | Old Social Movements | IV. | Change through gradual steps |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
(A) Redemptive Social Movements — this matches (III) Personal Consciousness. A redemptive movement aims to bring about a change in the personal consciousness and actions of its individual members, as when Narayana Guru led the Ezhava community in Kerala to change their social practices.
(B) Revolutionary Social Movements — this matches (I) Radical. Revolutionary movements attempt to radically transform social relations, often by capturing state power, like the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and the Naxalite movement in India.
(C) Reformist Social Movements — this matches (IV) Change through gradual steps. Reformist movements strive to change the existing social and political arrangements through gradual, incremental steps, like the movement for linguistic states and the Right to Information campaign.
(D) Old Social Movements — this matches (II) Reorganisation of power relations. The old social movements, such as the working class movements of the West, saw reorganisation of power relations as a central goal and functioned within the frame of political parties.
NCERT (2025-26): “8.3 Types of Social Movements … There are different kinds of social movements. They can be classified as: (i) redemptive or transformatory; (ii) reformist; and (iii) revolutionary. A redemptive social movement aims to bring about a change in the personal consciousness and actions of its individual members. For instance, people in the Ezhava community in Kerala were led by Narayana Guru to change their social practices. Reformist social movements strive to change the existing social and political arrangements through gradual, incremental steps. The 1960s movement for the reorganisation of Indian states on the basis of language and the recent Right to Information campaign are examples of reformist movements. Revolutionary social movements attempt to radically transform social relations, often by capturing state power. The Bolshevik revolution in Russia that deposed the Tsar to create a communist state and the Naxalite movement in India that seeks to remove oppressive landlords and state officials can be described as revolutionary movements.…” “Distinguishing the new social movement from the old social movements … Working class movements in the capitalist west were wresting better wages, better living conditions, social security, free schooling and health security from the state. That was also a period when socialist movements were establishing new kinds of states and societies. The old social movements clearly saw reorganisation of power relations as a central goal. The old social movements functioned within the frame of political parties. The Indian National Congress led the Indian National Movement.…” |