Read the passage carefully and answer the Questions.

Alcohols and phenols are obtained when a hydrogen atom in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons respectively, is replaced by - OH group. These compounds find wide applications in industry as well as in our daily life. You may notice that ordinary spirit is used for polishing wooden furniture which is chiefly a compound containing hydroxyl group. An alcohol contains one or more hydroxyl (OH) group(s) directly attached to carbon atom(s), of an aliphatic system ($CH_3OH$) while a phenol contains -OH group(s) directly attached to carbon atom(s) of an aromatic system ($C_6H_5OH$). Alcohols are prepared by the hydration of alkenes, fermentation of glucose, and reduction of carbonyl compounds. Alcohols produce alkenes upon dehydration whereas alkenes on acid catalyzed hydration convert into alcohols.

Chemical formula of spirit used in polishing wooden furniture is

$C_2H_5OH$

The correct answer is Option (2) → $C_2H_5OH$ **

The correct answer is $C_2H_5OH$ (ethanol). Explanation of all options:

Option 1: $CH_3OH$ (methanol)

This is methyl alcohol. It is toxic and mainly used as an industrial solvent and fuel. It is not used for polishing wooden furniture because of its poisonous nature.

Option 2: $C_2H_5OH$ (ethanol)

This is ethyl alcohol, also called ordinary spirit. It is commonly used for cleaning and polishing wooden furniture because it evaporates quickly and removes dirt and grease effectively. This is the correct option.

Option 3: $CH_3CH_2CH_2OH$ (propanol)

This is propyl alcohol. It is used as a solvent in laboratories and industries but is not referred to as ordinary spirit used for furniture polishing.

Option 4: $(CH_3)_3COH$ (tert-butanol)

This is tert-butyl alcohol. It is mainly used in chemical synthesis and as a laboratory reagent, not for polishing wooden furniture.

So, only $C_2H_5OH$ matches the description given in the passage.