Read the passage and answer the questions:
The developed countries of the North want to discuss the environmental issue as it stands now and want everyone to be equally responsible for ecological conservation. The developing countries of the South feel that much of the ecological degradation in the world is the product of industrial development undertaken by the developed countries. If they have caused more degradation, they must also take more responsibility for undoing the damage now. Moreover, the developing countries are in the process of industrialisation and they must not be subjected to the same restrictions, which apply to the developed countries. Thus the special needs of the developing countries must be taken into account in the development, application, and interpretation of rules of international environmental law. This argument was accepted in the Rio Declaration at the Earth Summit in 1992 and is called the principle of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities’. The relevant part of the Rio Declaration says that “States shall cooperate in the spirit of global partnership to conserve, protect and restore the health and integrity of the Earth’s ecosystem.”
Where was the Earth Summit held?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Rio de Janeiro
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, called the Earth Summit, was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992.
Note 1: This passage is taken word for word from the NCERT section ‘Common but Differentiated Responsibilities’ of the chapter ‘Environment and Natural Resources’. One paragraph of the book carried five questions here, so read each section closely and link it with the rest of the chapter.
Note 2: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2026 on 23-05-2026 (Slot 1).
NCERT (2025-26): “Environmental Concerns in Global Politics … International agencies, including the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), began holding international conferences and promoting detailed studies to get a more coordinated and effective response to environmental problems. Since then, the environment has emerged as a significant issue of global politics. The growing focus on environmental issues within the arena of global politics was firmly consolidated at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992. This was also called the Earth Summit.…” |