Choose the incorrect statements from the following:
A. A small amount of curd added to fresh milk as inoculum or starter contains millions of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which multiply at suitable temperatures.
B. In our stomach, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a beneficial role in breaking down cellulose.
C. Microbes are used to ferment fish, soyabean and bamboo-shoots to make foods.
D. ‘Toddy’, a traditional drink of some parts of southern India, is made by fermenting sap from sugarcane.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → B and D only
Many household foods and drinks are made by microbial fermentation. Curd is made by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and a number of traditional drinks and foods are also made by microbes.
A. A small amount of curd added to fresh milk as inoculum or starter contains millions of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which multiply at suitable temperatures. — True. The LAB in the starter multiply and convert milk to curd. Their acids coagulate and partly digest the milk proteins.
B. In our stomach, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a beneficial role in breaking down cellulose. — False. In our stomach the LAB help by checking disease-causing microbes. Breakdown of cellulose is done by methanogens in the rumen of cattle, not by LAB in the human stomach.
C. Microbes are used to ferment fish, soyabean and bamboo-shoots to make foods. — True. These are traditional fermented foods made with the help of microbes.
D. ‘Toddy’, a traditional drink of some parts of southern India, is made by fermenting sap from sugarcane. — False. Toddy is made by fermenting sap from palms, not sugarcane.
So the incorrect statements are B and D.
NCERT Extract:
Microbes in Household Products – “… During growth, the LAB produce acids that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins. A small amount of curd added to the fresh milk as inoculum or starter contain millions of LAB, which at suitable temperatures multiply, thus converting milk to curd, which also improves its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin B12. In our stomach too, the LAB play very beneficial role in checking disease-causing microbes.”
Microbes in Household Products – “… A number of traditional drinks and foods are also made by fermentation by the microbes. ‘Toddy’, a traditional drink of some parts of southern India is made by fermenting sap from palms. Microbes are also used to ferment fish, soyabean and bamboo-shoots to make foods.”
Microbes in Production of Biogas – “… These bacteria are also present in the rumen (a part of stomach) of cattle. A lot of cellulosic material present in the food of cattle is also present in the rumen. In rumen, these bacteria help in the breakdown of cellulose and play an important role in the nutrition of cattle.”