Under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, which of the following pairs of a term and its meaning is correctly matched?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Product liability – Responsibility to compensate for any harm caused to a consumer by a defective product
Option (1) Defect – A shortcoming in the manner of performance in relation to any service — Incorrect. A defect is a shortcoming in goods or a product. A shortcoming in a service is a deficiency, so the meaning is given to the wrong term.
Option (2) Deficiency – A shortcoming in the quality of goods or a product — Incorrect. A deficiency is a shortcoming in a service. A shortcoming in goods is a defect. The two meanings are reversed in Options (1) and (2).
Option (3) Complaint – Any allegation made orally by the complainant for obtaining relief — Incorrect. A complaint is an allegation in writing made by the complainant to get relief. The meaning does not cover an oral allegation.
Option (4) Product liability – Responsibility to compensate for any harm caused to a consumer by a defective product — Correct. Product liability is the responsibility of a manufacturer or seller to compensate for harm caused to a consumer. The harm may come from a defective product or from deficiency in services.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Terms & Definitions 1. Complaint: Any allegation in writing made by the complainant for obtaining relief w.r.t restrictive trade practice, defect in goods or deficiency in services provided, overcharging of price or offer of goods or service injurious to life and safety.” “Terms & Definitions … 6. Defect: Any fault, imperfection, shortcoming or inadequacy in quality, nature and manner of performance in relation to goods or a product. “Terms & Definitions … 11. Product Liability: Responsibility of a product manufacturer or seller of any product or service to compensate for any harm caused to a consumer by defective product manufactured or sold or by deficiency in services.” |