Which of the following is NOT a push factor for migration?

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 4

The correct answer is Option (4) → Security of life and property

Option (1) Political turmoil — A push factor (Incorrect). Push factors make the place of origin seem less attractive. Unrest at home makes life and work uncertain, so people leave in search of peace elsewhere.

Option (2) Unpleasant climate — A push factor (Incorrect). A harsh climate makes living and working at the place of origin hard, so people move to places where life is easier; it pushes them out.

Option (3) Natural disasters — A push factor (Incorrect). Floods, droughts or earthquakes destroy homes, crops and work. The place of origin becomes unsafe to live in, and people are pushed out.

Option (4) Security of life and property — Not a push factor (Correct). It is a pull factor. Pull factors make the place of destination seem more attractive than the place of origin. Where people feel their lives and belongings are safe, they are drawn towards that place, as they are by better jobs, peace and stability, and a pleasant climate; so it pulls people in rather than pushing them out.

NCERT (2025-26): “Migration … People migrate for a better economic and social life. There are two sets of factors that influence migration. The Push factors make the place of origin seem less attractive for reasons like unemployment, poor living conditions, political turmoil, unpleasant climate, natural disasters, epidemics and socio-economic backwardness. The Pull factors make the place of destination seem more attractive than the place of origin for reasons like better job opportunities and living conditions, peace and stability, security of life and property and pleasant climate.”