During 1960's Banshi and his fellow peasant workers organised committees to fight back against the atrocities and oppressions of their landlords. This social movement strived to change the existing social and political arrangement. What is this kind of movement called?

Revolutionary

The correct answer is Option (3) → Revolutionary

A revolutionary movement seeks to bring about a fundamental change in the existing social, political, or economic system, often by challenging the power structures in place.

• In the 1960s, when Banshi and his fellow peasants formed committees to resist oppression by landlords, they were not just aiming for minor improvements in working conditions (which would make it reformist), but to transform the power relationship between landlords and peasants entirely.

• Such movements often aim to replace existing structures with a new arrangement that promotes equality and justice for the oppressed group.

• This is why their struggle aligns with a revolutionary movement.

Why this is not Reformist?: Reformist social movements strive to change the existing social and political arrangements through gradual, incremental steps. A reformist movement works within the existing social and political framework and seeks limited, gradual changes such as legal reforms or policy improvements. In contrast, Banshi and the peasant workers organised committees to fight back against atrocities and landlord oppression, indicating direct resistance and an attempt to change the power structure itself. This shows an intention to transform the existing system, not merely correct its defects. Therefore, the movement is revolutionary, not reformist.