Assertion: Excavations have revealed a lot of artefacts like seals, bones, and beads from Harappan Sites.
Reasoning: Archaeologists use present-day analogies to try and understand what ancient artefacts were used for.

Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion

The correct answer is option 2- Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion

Assertion: Excavations have revealed a lot of artifacts like seals, bones, and beads from Harappan Sites. This is correct.

Reasoning: Archaeologists use present-day analogies to try and understand what ancient artifacts were used for. This is also correct.

While both the assertion and the reasoning are correct statements, the reasoning provided doesn't directly explain why excavations have revealed lots of artifacts at Harappan sites. The reasoning is a general statement about archaeological methodology rather than specifically addressing the discovery of artifacts at Harappan sites.

Material evidence, not the Harappan script, provides insights into the ancient civilization. Excavations have revealed a lot of artefacts like seals, bones, beads from Harappan Sites. After recovering artifacts, archaeologists begin the classification process. Classification is based on material composition (e.g., stone, clay, metal, bone) and function (e.g., tool, ornament, ritual object).
Resemblance to present-day objects helps in understanding the function of ancient artifacts.The context of an artifact's discovery, such as its location in a house, drain, grave, or kiln, provides clues about its function.Indirect evidence, like depictions in sculpture, is often used to infer information about clothing and other aspects of Harappan life.