Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

Ashima completed her MBA from Sriram college in Delhi. She wanted to expand her family business of bakery products chain named 'Anmol bakers'. She was very influenced by the Principles and Techniques of Scientific Management, and she wanted to apply them in her business expansion.

Her main objective was to reduce the costs with increased output. To begin with, she wanted to develop a standard method which would be followed throughout the organization. So, she investigated traditional methods through work study and unified the best practices. The standard method, i.e. the best way of doing the job was then developed, taking into consideration all parameters right from the availability of raw materials till the final delivery to the customers. Ashima also believed that the employees in the organization should be scientifically selected and that adequate training for the employees should also be given to increase their efficiency. For this, she set up a training unit named 'Perfectionists' in Sonipat where employees were given the required training to increase their efficiency and learn the best method. At the factory, the ingredients making up bakery products were strategically placed to reduce the time taken for excess movements. The standard time and other parameters were determined on the basis of work study and Ashima rewarded the employees for meeting the standard output. Now, 'Anmol Bakers' has standardized processes, raw materials, time, machinery, product and working conditions that ensure the food they deliver to their customers has the same high standard of excellence and level of quality in every chain or franchise.

"She wanted to develop a standard method which would be followed throughout the organisation". Identify the principle of scientific management highlighted in this statement?

Science not Rule of Thumb

The correct answer is Option (2) → Science not Rule of Thumb

The principle of Science, not Rule of Thumb emphasizes replacing old traditional methods based on trial and error (rule of thumb) with a scientific approach based on careful observation, analysis, and experimentation. In the passage, Ashima investigated traditional methods through work study, unified the best practices, and then developed a standard method that was to be followed throughout the organization. This clearly reflects the principle of using science instead of relying on the outdated rule of thumb.