What does AIDS stand for?

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

Acquired means that the condition is not inherited but acquired during an individual's lifetime. Immunodeficiency refers to a weakened or compromised immune system, which is unable to effectively protect the body against infections and diseases. Syndrome refers to a collection of symptoms and signs that characterize a particular condition.

AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a retrovirus that attacks and destroys immune cells, particularly CD4+ T lymphocytes, which are crucial for coordinating the immune response. As a result, individuals with AIDS have a significantly weakened immune system, making them more susceptible to various infections that could have been otherwise overcome such as those due to bacteria especially Mycobacterium, viruses, fungi and even parasites like Toxoplasma.

It is important to note that AIDS is a serious condition that can be life-threatening if not properly managed. The development of AIDS usually occurs after a prolonged period of HIV infection, during which the immune system progressively deteriorates. Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved the prognosis for individuals living with HIV/AIDS, allowing them to manage the condition and live longer, healthier lives.