Statement I: When an ideal binary solution of liquids A and B is distilled, the boiling point of the distillate becomes lower than that of the parental liquid solution.

Statement II: When an ideal binary solution of liquids A and B is distilled, the distillate contains a relatively larger amount of the more volatile liquid.

If both statements are CORRECT, and Statement II is the CORRECT explanation of Statement I.

The correct answer is option 1. If both statements are CORRECT, and Statement II is the CORRECT explanation of Statement I.

Let us analyze both statements related to the distillation of an ideal binary solution of liquids A and B.

Statement I: When an ideal binary solution of liquids A and B is distilled, the boiling point of the distillate becomes lower than that of the parental liquid solution.

In an ideal binary solution, the boiling point of the solution is typically lower than the boiling point of the pure components. This is due to the lowering of the vapor pressure caused by the presence of a non-volatile solute. During distillation, the vapor pressure of the more volatile component (A) is higher than that of the less volatile component (B). As a result, the vapor phase (distillate) is richer in the more volatile component and has a lower boiling point compared to the original solution.

Conclusion: Statement I is CORRECT because the boiling point of the distillate is indeed lower than that of the original solution due to the presence of the more volatile component.

Statement II: When an ideal binary solution of liquids A and B is distilled, the distillate contains a relatively larger amount of the more volatile liquid.

In distillation, the more volatile component (A) has a higher vapor pressure and therefore is more likely to be found in the vapor phase. As a result, the distillate will have a higher concentration of the more volatile component compared to the original liquid solution. This behavior is consistent with Raoult's law, which states that the vapor pressure of each component in the solution is proportional to its mole fraction. The vapor phase (distillate) thus becomes richer in the more volatile component.

Conclusion: Statement II is CORRECT because the distillate does indeed contain a relatively larger amount of the more volatile liquid.

Relationship Between the Statements

Statement II provides an explanation for why Statement I is true. Since the distillate contains a larger amount of the more volatile liquid, it will have a lower boiling point compared to the original solution.

The correct answer is: If both statements are CORRECT, and Statement II is the CORRECT explanation of Statement I.