The owner, master or head of a household, who exercised control over the women, children, slaves and workers, and shared a common residence was called as _________.

Gahapati

The correct answer is Option (3) → Gahapati

The term "Gahapati" is of historical and cultural significance in ancient India, particularly during the time of the Vedic and early post-Vedic periods. Here's the reason for this classification:

Gahapati - The term "Gahapati" is composed of two Sanskrit words: "Griha," which means "house," and "Pati," which means "lord" or "master." A "Gahapati" was the head of a household or the master of a house.

Household Control - The Gahapati was responsible for the management of the household, including controlling and making decisions about the family members, workers, slaves, and property within the household. This role extended to the authority exercised over women, children, and laborers who lived in the household.

Shared Residence - Gahapatis often lived in a common residence with their extended family, including parents, children, and sometimes other relatives, along with slaves and workers. This shared residence allowed for a clear hierarchy and division of labor within the household.

So, the correct option is [3].